What is the difference between a certificate of analysis and a lab testing report?

A certificate of analysis (COA) is a summary of the test results, often just showing pass/fail. A full lab testing report includes the actual data, methods, and limits. For due diligence, you want the full report, not just the COA.

What analytes should a vape lab report include?

For e-liquids: nicotine concentration, heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic), carbonyls (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein), and sometimes microbial contaminants. For hardware: battery safety, temperature control, and material safety (like metal leaching).

How do I know if a lab is reputable?

Look for ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation. Check that the lab is independent from the manufacturer. Ask if they have experience with vape products specifically—this matters because testing methods differ from other products.

What does 'limit of detection' mean in a lab report?

It's the lowest concentration the lab can reliably detect. If a report says 'not detected' without a limit of detection, it's less meaningful. A good report will state the limit.