Dimension	United States	United Kingdom
Authorization system	PMTA (premarket application)	MHRA/TRPR notification (no pre-approval)
Fruit flavors	Restricted; 4 Glas products authorized May 2026; enforcement discretion for pending	Allowed (subject to disposable ban since June 2025)
Enforcement approach	Softened May 2026; case-by-case	Trading Standards enforcement; disposable ban in effect
Major company behavior	Reynolds launching unauthorized products under enforcement gap	UKVIA campaigning against further restrictions ("Fair Deal for Vaping")
Youth vaping trend	Down to 5.9% (school age); up to 19% (young adults)	Declining; disposable ban targeting youth uptake