FDA authorizes 4 Glas products — First fruit-flavored ENDS ever authorized (Classic Menthol, Fresh Menthol, Gold, Sapphire). Major policy shift: non-tobacco, non-menthol flavors can now be authorized.

FDA issues final enforcement guidance — Describes enforcement priorities for unauthorized ENDS and nicotine pouch products. Identifies youth-appealing characteristics that trigger higher enforcement priority. Establishes enforcement discretion framework for certain pending-PMTA products.

Multiple new MGOs issued — JUUL2 (Aug 28), Swedish Match/ZYN ULTRA (Aug 21), Helix Innovations (Aug 19, Aug 4). Authorization pace is accelerating.

48 authorized products and counting — Across multiple manufacturers. The market is shifting from "gray area" to product-specific authorization.